Benzoin Sumatra, also known as Sumatra Benzoin, is a natural balsamic resin exuded from the small tree Styrax benzoin, commonly found in Sumatra and Malaya.
The resin is produced through deliberate incisions made in the trunk of the tree, either through the bark or after peeling off spots of bark. This viscous balsamic substance flows out and solidifies upon contact with air. The gum-resin is collected from these incisions and from the base of the trunk, where significant quantities accumulate.
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Inquire NowBenzoin Sumatra consists mainly of cinnamates (esters) of coniferyl alcohol, cinnamyl alcohol, benzoresinol, phenylpropyl alcohol, among other compounds. This differs from Siam Benzoin, which primarily consists of benzoates.
Lower grades have odor characteristics similar to Styrax, featuring a more harsh fragrance compared to the Almond grade.
The amount of essential oil or volatile components in Benzoin Sumatra is negligible, and an essential oil form is not commercially available.
The amount of essential oil or volatile components in Benzoin Sumatra is negligible, and an essential oil form is not commercially available.
Benzoin Sumatra is a low-cost and readily available raw material, often used as a replacement for the more expensive Siam Benzoin.
From a perfumer’s perspective, Benzoin Sumatra and Siam Benzoin are distinct and should not be considered interchangeable. Benzoin Sumatra, due to its harsher and darker notes, is used in different applications compared to the more delicate fragrances where Siam Benzoin is preferred.
Benzoin Sumatra is ideal for perfumes that benefit from a stronger, more robust balsamic base, such as hyacinth and new-mown hay, where a strong counterbalance to floral notes is desirable.

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Benzoin Sumatra originates from the tree *Styrax benzoin*, belonging to the Styracaceae family.
It is widely used in perfumery as a fixative and base note. It is also applied in incense, traditional medicine, cosmetics, and as a fragrance enhancer in household products.
The resin adds warmth and sweetness to fragrance blends, acts as a fixative to prolong scent longevity, and provides balsamic depth to formulations.
Quality is determined by grade (Almond vs. lower grades), solubility in alcohol, fragrance profile, and purity (absence of dirt or adulterants).
It should be stored in airtight containers, away from heat and moisture, to prevent oxidation and degradation of its aromatic properties.
Benzoin Sumatra has a darker, harsher, and more resinous note, making it suitable for strong balsamic bases, while Benzoin Siam is softer, sweeter, and preferred in delicate and luxury perfumes.
Benzoin Sumatra is widely available and produced in larger quantities, whereas Benzoin Siam is rarer, harvested in smaller regions, and considered premium, which raises its cost.
The resin has negligible volatile oil content, which makes essential oil production impractical. Instead, it is typically processed into tinctures, resinoids, or absolutes for perfumery.
Farmers make controlled incisions in the tree bark, allowing the balsamic resin to exude and harden upon air contact. The hardened gum is then collected from the bark and trunk base.
It primarily contains cinnamates such as cinnamyl alcohol, coniferyl alcohol esters, benzoresinol, and phenylpropyl alcohol, contributing to its unique fragrance and fixative qualities.
It is widely used in perfumes that need a strong balsamic counterbalance, such as hyacinth, new-mown hay, oriental blends, and woody accords.
The Almond Grade is the highest quality, with pale-colored, brittle resin pieces ideal for perfumery, while lower grades like Palembang and Penang are darker, harsher, and less refined.
Yes, but its use is regulated due to possible allergenic compounds. IFRA standards set maximum limits for safe inclusion in fragrances and skincare.
It slows the evaporation rate of volatile notes, stabilizes fragrance blends, and enhances longevity of top and middle notes.
It is also used in incense making, pharmaceutical preparations (for its mild antiseptic properties), and as a flavoring agent in some traditional herbal remedies.
Despite being more affordable, Benzoin Sumatra’s darker, harsher odor profile does not provide the same sweet, delicate balance as Benzoin Siam, making them non-interchangeable.
When stored in airtight containers, away from heat, moisture, and direct sunlight, Benzoin Sumatra can last for several years without significant degradation.
High-grade resin appears pale, brittle, and almond-like, while low-grade resin is darker, contains impurities like dirt or splinters, and has a harsher smell.
Sustainable harvesting depends on controlled tapping methods that prevent overexploitation of Styrax trees. Ethical sourcing practices are encouraged to preserve long-term availability.
Yes, while not a volatile essential oil itself, its tincture or resinoid can be blended with oils like sandalwood, patchouli, or lavender for grounding, calming, and resinous blends.
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